A conceptual representation of Classical Criminology Theory. An Enlightenment-era philosopher, possibly Cesare Beccaria, is writing in a candlelit study filled with old books and a quill pen. In the background, silhouettes of crime and justice, including a courthouse and a scale of justice, symbolize rational choice and legal reforms.

What Is Classical Criminology Theory?

Introduction to Classical Criminology Theory Classical criminology theory is a framework in criminology that emerged in the 18th century as a response to arbitrary and harsh criminal justice systems. It is based on the principles of free will, rational choice, and deterrence. This theory emphasizes that individuals commit crimes as a result of rational decision-making,…

A symbolic representation of criminology featuring justice scales, a crime scene, and digital forensic elements in a futuristic setting.

The Broad Concept of Criminology

Criminology, as a scientific discipline, has evolved over centuries, integrating various theories, perspectives, and schools of thought. This vast field examines crime, criminal behavior, and the societal responses to deviant activities. The study of criminology extends beyond legal definitions, incorporating sociological, psychological, and biological dimensions. This article explores the broad concept of criminology by discussing…

Illustration of crime as an individual phenomenon, depicting a lone figure in a shadowy alley.

Crime as an Individual Phenomenon

Crime as an Individual Phenomenon is often perceived as a social construct shaped by environmental, cultural, and economic factors. However, another significant perspective considers crime as an individual phenomenon, emphasizing personal choices, psychological conditions, and biological predispositions. Understanding crime through this lens allows us to explore the motivations, mental states, and personal circumstances that drive…