A conceptual representation of Classical Criminology Theory. An Enlightenment-era philosopher, possibly Cesare Beccaria, is writing in a candlelit study filled with old books and a quill pen. In the background, silhouettes of crime and justice, including a courthouse and a scale of justice, symbolize rational choice and legal reforms.

What Is Classical Criminology Theory?

Introduction to Classical Criminology Theory Classical criminology theory is a framework in criminology that emerged in the 18th century as a response to arbitrary and harsh criminal justice systems. It is based on the principles of free will, rational choice, and deterrence. This theory emphasizes that individuals commit crimes as a result of rational decision-making,…

Illustration of Differential Association Theory showing social learning of crime

Differential Association Theory: A Comprehensive Analysis

Introduction: Differential Association Theory Differential Association Theory is one of the most influential theories in criminology. Developed by Edwin Sutherland, this theory provides a sociological perspective on criminal behavior, arguing that crime is learned through social interactions rather than being an inherent trait. This theory is particularly relevant in understanding various types of criminal activities,…