"A conceptual illustration representing crime and criminals, featuring a dark alleyway with a mysterious silhouette, crime scene tape, and police sirens reflecting off nearby buildings."

The Concept of Crime and Criminal: Definition, Theories, and Impact

Introduction Crime and criminality are among the most debated topics in legal, sociological, and psychological studies. The definitions, causes, and implications of crime have evolved over time, reflecting the complexity of human societies. Understanding what constitutes a crime and who qualifies as a criminal is essential for creating effective laws, policies, and social interventions. This…

Image illustrating the concept of Edwin Sutherland's differential association theory, with a diagram highlighting the influence of social factors on criminal behavior.

Edwin Sutherland’s Differential Association Theory: An In-Depth Analysis

Introduction : Overview of Edwin Sutherland and the significance of his theory Edwin Sutherland’s Differential Association Theory is one of the most influential theories in criminology. Introduced in the early 20th century, this theory proposes that criminal behavior is learned through social interactions. Unlike biological or psychological explanations of crime, Sutherland emphasized the role of…

A historical timeline illustration of criminology evolution, featuring ancient justice systems, medieval courtroom trials, Cesare Beccaria’s reforms, 19th-century criminologists like Lombroso, and modern forensic investigations with DNA and AI technology.

The History of Criminology: A Comprehensive Overview

Introduction to Criminology and Its Historical Development Criminology, the scientific study of crime, criminal behavior, and the criminal justice system, has evolved significantly over centuries. Understanding its historical development provides valuable insights into how societies have approached crime and justice. From early supernatural explanations to modern technological advancements, the history of criminology reflects broader social,…