The concept of criminology, its scientific nature and scientific research methods
Is Criminology a Science The question of whether criminology can be regarded as a true science has long occupied a central place in criminological and philosophical debates. Since its emergence as an independent field of study, criminology has sought to explain criminal behavior through systematic observation, empirical research, and theoretical frameworks inspired by the natural … Read more
Criminology is one of the human sciences whose intellectual roots can be traced back to early philosophical reflections on crime, morality, and social order. Ancient Greek philosophers, particularly Plato and Aristotle, sought to understand criminal behavior through ethical reasoning and the pursuit of justice, viewing crime as a moral deviation that threatened the harmony of … Read more
Crime has always represented one of the most complex and troubling phenomena facing human societies. From ancient civilizations to modern nation-states, communities have continuously sought to understand why individuals engage in behavior that violates social norms, disrupts public order, and threatens collective security. As societies evolved and crime took on increasingly diverse forms—ranging from traditional … Read more
Introduction Penology is a specialized branch of criminology and criminal justice that examines the philosophy, methods, and effectiveness of punishment. It focuses on how societies penalize offenders and how they can be corrected, reformed, and reintegrated into society. The concept of penology bridges law and social science, highlighting the deep relationship between crime, justice, and … Read more
the born criminal The history of criminology is filled with debates over whether crime is a product of nature, nurture, or a combination of both. In the late 19th century, one of the most influential and controversial figures in criminology, Cesare Lombroso, introduced the concept of the “Born Criminal.” His theory suggested that some individuals … Read more
Introduction The phenomenon of the serial killer has always captured the attention of criminologists, psychologists, and the general public alike. In criminology, serial killers represent one of the most extreme and disturbing examples of criminal behavior, where individuals repeatedly commit murder over an extended period, usually driven by psychological, social, or biological motives. Unlike ordinary … Read more
Introduction: Unlocking the Minds Behind the Murders The phenomenon of serial killers occupies a unique and unsettling space in the realm of criminal behavior. These individuals—responsible for multiple murders committed over a period of time, often following a distinct modus operandi—have long fascinated criminologists, psychologists, law enforcement officers, and the public alike. Their actions defy … Read more
Introduction: Rethinking Criminal Behavior through Social Learning The study of crime has historically been shaped by competing paradigms—biological determinism, psychoanalytic drives, rational choice, and sociological theories of anomie and strain. Within this vast intellectual terrain, the work of Albert Bandura stands out for offering a framework that is both psychologically sound and socially grounded. Bandura’s … Read more
1. Introduction: A Shift in Understanding Criminal Behavior For decades, criminologists have sought to answer a fundamental question: Why do people commit crimes? Early explanations often focused on biological determinism or the idea that criminal behavior stems from innate traits or physical abnormalities. The Classical School, with figures like Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham, emphasized … Read more
Introduction: Why Analyzing Criminal Behavior Matters Understanding the causes and manifestations of criminal behavior is a cornerstone of modern criminology. Through the lens of psychology, sociology, biology, and law, analyzing criminal behavior helps researchers, law enforcement, and policymakers develop effective strategies for crime prevention, rehabilitation, and justice. This article explores the most significant approaches used … Read more
Introduction To Conflict Theory Conflict Theory is one of the most influential perspectives in the field of criminology. Rooted in sociological thought, particularly the ideas of Karl Marx, Conflict Theory suggests that crime is a product of social and economic inequality. It argues that laws and justice systems are tools used by powerful groups to … Read more
1. Introduction: Understanding The Thermal Law in Criminology The study of crime patterns and their causes has long intrigued sociologists, psychologists, and criminologists alike. One fascinating area of research that has gained significant attention is The Thermal Law—a concept that connects climatic temperature variations with fluctuations in criminal behavior. Simply put, The Thermal Law observes … Read more